Over the last several months I’ve been researching the doctrine called the “Restoration of All Things” or “Christian Universalism”. It is, at its most basic, the belief that because of the sacrifice of Christ, all of humanity is ultimately saved and will ultimately come into relationship and life forever with Him. There are several scriptures that seem to indicate this is true. However, in order to “balance” what I had been studying on this, I decided to research scripture concerning Hell and Judgment. In my research though, I’ve come across information that is challenging my traditional Evangelical beliefs concerning the essence and purpose of punishment in the afterlife!
According to the doctrine that I have been raised to believe, the traditional Protestant/Evangelical doctrine, Hell is a place of “endless torture” for those who are not saved. However, I’ve run across information that seems to indicate that the traditional doctrine of Hell is incorrect, that the afterlife does not include a place of “endless torture”.
As mentioned in the previous post, Jesus used the word GEHENNA in speaking of punishment in the afterlife. But the Rabbis of Jesus’ day taught that GEHENNA was a place of purification of and payment for sin that only lasted as long as was needed for the healing and the reformation of the human soul. After a person was purified in GEHENNA, he was admitted to Paradise; but the English word Hell carries the connotation of “endless torture”, so it is not a good interpretation of GEHENNA. Rather, the best interpretation of the word GEHENNA, I believe, is Purgatory.
But of course, GEHENNA is only one word used in scripture which references punishment in the afterlife. In my research of Hell, Judgment, and related words and scriptures, another very interesting bit of information came to my attention. It is the word “Brimstone”, THEION in Greek. Notice how similar THEION is to THEIOS (divine). THEION, brimstone, actually means “divine incense, because burning brimstone was regarded as having power to purify and to ward off disease” (Enhanced Strong’s Lexicon).
Thayer’s Lexicon, Friberg’s Analytical Lexicon, and Liddell and Scott Greek-English Lexicon all agree that THEION is related to purification and healing. And Liddell and Scott notes that the verb THEIOO actually means “to hallow, to make divine, or to dedicate to a god.” Thus, based upon the actual Greek usage of THEION, brimstone carries the connotation of purification and healing, and even signifies being made holy, set apart, dedicated to God; it does NOT connote “endless torture”.
Brimstone - fire from heaven, lightening, volcanic bombs, and other geologic forms of fire give off the smell of burning sulfur. Sodom and Gomorrah were destroyed by fire and brimstone, fire from heaven. Geologist Frederick Clapp theorized that Sodom’s divine judgmental fire was likely a petroleum-based substance called bitumen, similar to asphalt, that was forced out of the earth through a fault-line, ignited by a spark or surface fire, and then fell to earth as a burning fiery mass bringing the judgment of God.
Furthermore, as noted by Strong’s Lexicon, brimstone, sulfur was burnt as incense meant to ward off disease. Even today many medicines are sulfur-based. Thus brimstone is dynamically connected to healing.
Something else that I’ve never noticed before about the “lake burning with fire and brimstone” is that it is actually in the “presence” of God, not separated from the presence of God. Rev. 14:10 says that those who receive the mark of the beast shall “drink of the wine of the wrath of God” and “shall be tormented with fire and brimstone in the presence of the holy angels and in the presence of the Lamb.”
When I ran across this information about brimstone the first thing that came to mind was when Isaiah stood before the Lord and was overwhelmed by the sin that God’s presence revealed in him (Isaiah 6). In the presence of the Lord and His angels, Isaiah cried, “Woe is me, for I am undone! Because I am a man of unclean lips, and I dwell in the midst of a people of unclean lips!” In response to this confession an angel took a live coal (brimstone?) from the altar, put it to Isaiah’s lips and purified him! Could it be that this is a picture of the burning purification of the Lord? I like Peterson’s translation of this passage:
In the year that King Uzziah died, I saw the Master sitting on a throne—high, exalted!—and the train of his robes filled the Temple. Angel-seraphs hovered above him, each with six wings. With two wings they covered their faces, with two their feet, and with two they flew. And they called back and forth one to the other,
Holy, Holy, Holy is God-of-the-Angel-Armies. His bright glory fills the whole earth.
The foundations trembled at the sound of the angel voices, and then the whole house filled with smoke. I said,
"Doom! It's Doomsday! I'm as good as dead!Every word I've ever spoken is tainted— blasphemous even!And the people I live with talk the same way, using words that corrupt and desecrate.And here I've looked God in the face! The King! God-of-the-Angel-Armies!"
Then one of the angel-seraphs flew to me. He held a live coal that he had taken with tongs from the altar. He touched my mouth with the coal and said,
Look. This coal has touched your lips. Gone your guilt, your sins wiped out."
Thus considering that 1) brimstone implies purification and healing (not endless torture), 2) the “lake burning with fire and brimstone” is in the presence of God, and 3) God Himself is a Consuming Fire, the “lake burning with fire and brimstone could be, should be interpreted as “the Volcanic Lake of God’s Consuming-Purifying-Healing Presence”!
Could it be that the traditional Evangelical doctrine of the afterlife for the wicked being endless fiery torture, unending punishment, Hell, be wrong? Could it be that the fiery punishment of the afterlife spoken of in the Bible is for our healing and purification, even for those with the mark of the beast? Frankly, the more I study what is actually written in scripture, the more I believe the answer to be yes! “Look. This coal has touched your lips. Gone your guilt, your sins wiped out!”
